據(jù)能源轉(zhuǎn)型新聞2021年4月27日倫敦報(bào)道，國(guó)際著名智庫(kù)能源過(guò)渡委員會(huì)（ETC）在4月27日發(fā)表的一份報(bào)告中說(shuō)，全球經(jīng)濟(jì)2050年前要實(shí)現(xiàn)溫室氣體凈零排放，每年需要消耗5億到8億噸的清潔氫，這是目前市場(chǎng)需求的5到7倍。

　　ETC是一個(gè)由超過(guò)45個(gè)公共和私營(yíng)能源組織組成的聯(lián)盟，“致力于在本世紀(jì)中葉實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零排放”。成員包括安賽樂(lè)米塔爾、英國(guó)石油公司、西班牙伊貝德拉電力公司、丹麥能源集團(tuán)?rsted、荷蘭皇家殼牌公司、塔塔集團(tuán)和沃爾沃集團(tuán)，以及金融、學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)和非政府組織。

　　ETC說(shuō)，由于可再生電力和電解設(shè)備的成本下降，通過(guò)電解水和可再生能源生產(chǎn)的綠氫“可能是最具成本競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的并在長(zhǎng)期內(nèi)是主要的生產(chǎn)路線。”

　　報(bào)告稱，“到2050年前，綠氫產(chǎn)量將占?xì)淇偖a(chǎn)量的85%左右。”

　　通過(guò)碳捕獲和儲(chǔ)存從天然氣中提取的藍(lán)氫將是一個(gè)重要的過(guò)渡解決方案，并可能在“一些特定的低成本天然氣地區(qū)”發(fā)揮作用。

　　ETC表示，清潔氫需求的增加將來(lái)自鋼鐵生產(chǎn)、工業(yè)和航運(yùn)等難以或昂貴的脫碳行業(yè)。目前全球的氫市場(chǎng)幾乎全部由化石燃料供應(yīng)。

　　李峻 編譯自 能源轉(zhuǎn)型新聞

　　原文如下：

　　Net zero by 2050 needs six-fold increase in clean H2 consumption: report

　　A net-zero greenhouse gas emissions global economy will need 500 million to 800 million mt of clean hydrogen consumption a year by 2050, five to seven times greater than today's market, the Energy Transitions Commission said in a report published April 27.

　　The ETC is a coalition of more than 45 public and private sector energy organizations "committed to achieving net-zero emissions by mid-century." It includes ArcelorMittal, BP, Iberdrola, ?rsted, Shell, Tata Group and Volvo Group, as well as financial and academic institutions and NGOs.

　　Green hydrogen, produced via electrolysis of water with renewable power, is "likely to be the most cost-competitive and therefore the major production route in the long-term, due to falling renewable electricity and electrolyzer equipment costs," it said.

　　"It could account for approximately 85% of total production by 2050," it said.

　　Blue hydrogen, produced from natural gas with carbon capture and storage, would be an important transition solution, and could play a role "in some specific very low-cost gas locations."

　　The increase in demand would come from decarbonizing sectors that were hard or expensive to directly electrify, such as steel production, industry and shipping, the ETC said. The current global hydrogen market is almost entirely supplied from fossil fuel sources.