據(jù)今日油價(jià)網(wǎng)站5月6日消息 美國能源信息署（EIA）周四表示，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)上對新冠疫情的反應(yīng)，美國能源產(chǎn)量去年下降了5%，創(chuàng)下有記錄以來的最大年降幅。

　　根據(jù)EIA的月度能源評論，去年美國的能源產(chǎn)量降至略低于96萬億英熱單位（quads），比2019年創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的產(chǎn)量下降了5%。絕對值的下降是有記錄以來美國能源產(chǎn)量最大的年度下降，而這種下降主要是由于這場疫情，其大幅削減了對能源的需求。

　　EIA通過將能源轉(zhuǎn)換成普通的熱量單位（Btu）來計(jì)算和比較以不同物理單位（如桶或立方英尺）報(bào)告的不同類型的能源。

　　EIA今年早些時(shí)候表示，由于油價(jià)低迷導(dǎo)致鉆探活動(dòng)銳減，美國原油產(chǎn)量去年下降了近100萬桶/日，創(chuàng)下歷史上最大年度降幅。

　　2020年，美國原油平均產(chǎn)量為1130萬桶/日，與2019年創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的1220萬桶/日的年均產(chǎn)量相比下降了93.5萬桶/日，降幅為8%。

　　據(jù)EIA估計(jì)，美國原油產(chǎn)量在2020年1月達(dá)到峰值1280萬桶/日后不到兩個(gè)月，3月份油價(jià)暴跌，導(dǎo)致隨后幾個(gè)月停產(chǎn)，5月份達(dá)到2020年的最低月平均產(chǎn)量，當(dāng)時(shí)美國產(chǎn)量僅為1000萬桶/日。

　　美國EIA表示，去年美國煤炭產(chǎn)量也創(chuàng)下有記錄以來的最大年降幅，降幅達(dá)25%，不到11萬億英熱單位。

　　天然氣產(chǎn)量在2020年也下降了0.6萬億英熱單位，下降了2%。

　　然而，EIA稱，由于風(fēng)能和太陽能發(fā)電量增加，美國可再生能源產(chǎn)量在2020年增長了2%，達(dá)到創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的11.8萬億英熱單位。

　　王磊 摘譯自 今日油價(jià)

　　原文如下：

　　U.S. Energy Production Saw Steepest Drop On Record In 2020

　　Due to economic responses to the pandemic, U.S. energy production dropped by 5 percent last year, marking the steepest annual decline on record, the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) said on Thursday.

　　Last year, energy production in the United States fell to just below 96 quadrillion British thermal units (quads), a 5-percent decline from the record production in 2019, according to EIA’s Monthly Energy Review. The decline in absolute terms was the largest annual decrease in U.S. energy production on record, and this decline was primarily due to the pandemic, which slashed demand for energy.

　　The EIA calculates and compares different types of energy reported in different physical units such as barrels or cubic feet by converting sources of energy to common units of heat, called British thermal units (Btu).

　　Due to plunging drilling activity amid low oil prices, U.S. crude oil production fell by nearly 1 million barrels per day (bpd) last year, registering the largest annual decline in history, the EIA said earlier this year.

　　In 2020, U.S. crude oil production averaged 11.3 million bpd, dropping by 935,000 bpd—or 8 percent—compared to the record-high annual average of 12.2 million bpd in 2019.

　　Less than two months after American crude oil production reached a peak of 12.8 million bpd in January 2020, oil prices collapsed in March, leading to production shut-ins over the following months, and to the lowest average monthly production for 2020 in May, when U.S. output was just 10 million bpd, according to EIA’s estimates.

　　U.S. coal production also booked its largest annual decline on record last year, falling by 25 percent to less than 11 quads, the EIA said today.

　　Natural gas production also dropped in 2020, by 0.6 quads, or by 2 percent.

　　U.S. renewable energy production, however, rose by 2 percent to a record-high 11.8 quads in 2020, due to higher electricity generation from wind and solar, the EIA said.

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