據烴加工網12月5日報道，根據美國運輸安全管理局(TSA)的報告顯示，到目前為止，2022年美國的平均航空燃油消費量一直低于2019年，盡管最近幾個月美國的航空乘客數量幾乎回到了2019年的水平。根據《石油狀況周報》的每周產品供應數據顯示，2022年迄今為止，航空燃油的平均消耗量為150萬桶/天。而2019年全年航空燃料的平均消費量為170萬桶/天。

2020年，由于為減少疫情的傳播而限制航空旅行，美國航空燃油消費量大幅下降。隨著2020年下半年特別是進入2021年旅行限制和其他應對疫情大流行措施的緩解，航空燃料的消費逐漸增加。在2021年下半年，美國的消費量增長到150萬桶/天，并一直保持到2022年。

自2021年7月以來，航空燃油消耗一直保持穩定，盡管運輸安全管理局的乘客數據顯示，2022年的航空乘客數量已接近2019年。乘客數量的增加而航空燃料需求不變可能反映了航空公司確保航班滿座的措施。由于勞動力供應的限制，以及高昂的燃油價格，導致盡管乘客需求不斷增長，航空公司還是整合了航班。

盡管美國今年的航空燃油消費量低于2019年，但2022年全球和美國的航空燃油供應仍然緊張。今年迄今為止，美國航空燃料庫存低于前五年(2017-2021年)的平均水平。今年航空燃油供應緊張的原因有很多。

供求之間的這種更緊密的平衡導致航空燃料庫存減少，價格上漲。今年春天的地緣政治沖突后，庫存大幅減少。為了應對夏季的高油價，煉油商更多地利用了他們的設施，以最大限度地提高所有液體燃料的產量，航空燃料的庫存僅略低于前五年的平均水平。9月和10月煉油廠的使用量減少，導致同期庫存水平回落至前五年低點以下，當時煉油廠正在進行季節性維護。

郝芬 譯自 烴加工網

原文如下：

Less U.S. jet fuel consumption on average in 2022 than in 2019

Average jet fuel consumption in the United States so far in 2022 has been consistently below 2019, although airline passenger counts in the United States have nearly returned to 2019 levels in recent months, based on Transportation Security Administration (TSA) reports. So far in 2022, jet fuel consumption has averaged 1.5 MMbpd, according to weekly product supplied data reported in our Weekly Petroleum Status Report. By comparison, consumption of jet fuel in all of 2019 averaged 1.7 MMbpd.

In 2020, U.S. jet fuel consumption fell significantly because of restricted air travel aimed at reducing the spread of COVID-19. As travel restrictions and other responses to the COVID-19 pandemic eased in the latter part of 2020 and especially into 2021, consumption of jet fuel gradually increased. In the second half of 2021, U.S. consumption grew to 1.5 MMbpd and has remained at that level through 2022.

Jet fuel consumption has remained somewhat steady since July 2021, although passenger data from TSA suggest that the number of air passengers has grown closer to 2019 numbers throughout 2022. The increasing number of passengers and yet unchanging jet fuel demand may reflect airlines’ measures to ensure that flights are full. Constraints on labor supply, as well as high fuel prices, have led air carriers to consolidate flights despite growing passenger demand.

Even though relatively less jet fuel has been consumed in the United States this year than in 2019, supplies of jet fuel have remained tight in 2022, both globally and in the United States. So far this year, less jet fuel has been held in U.S. inventories than the previous five-year (2017–21) average. Tighter jet fuel supplies this year stem from a number of factors.

This tighter balance between supply and demand has resulted in less jet fuel in inventories and in higher prices. During the spring, inventories decreased sharply after the war. In response to high prices during the summer, refiners made greater use of their facilities in order to maximize production of all liquid fuels, growing jet inventories to only slightly less than their previous five-year average. Less use of refineries in September and October, when refiners were undergoing seasonal maintenance, contributed to inventory levels dipping back below the previous five-year low during that time.