據(jù)油價(jià)網(wǎng)2021年5月24日?qǐng)?bào)道，研究人員日前開發(fā)出了一個(gè)基于水泥的可充電電池的概念——這是世界上第一個(gè)這樣的概念，他們暗示有一天可以把建筑物變成巨大的能源儲(chǔ)存設(shè)施。
這個(gè)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室規(guī)模的概念證明是其一個(gè)早期階段的想法，這種觀念有挑戰(zhàn)要克服。但是，瑞典的研究人員說，有一天，可充電的水泥基電池可能會(huì)成為未來的建筑材料，這些材料將具有額外的功能，如能源儲(chǔ)存、偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的4G連接，或混凝土基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的陰極保護(hù)，防止腐蝕。
瑞典查爾默斯理工大學(xué)的研究概述了一種由水泥制成的可充電電池的新概念。這一概念發(fā)表在科學(xué)期刊《建筑》上，包括添加少量短碳纖維的水泥基混合物，以增加導(dǎo)電性和彎曲韌性。研究人員隨后在水泥基混合物中加入了金屬涂層碳纖維網(wǎng)。在這個(gè) 網(wǎng)格中，他們選擇鐵和鋅作為陽極，鎳基氧化物作為陰極。通過添加短碳纖維對(duì)水泥基電解質(zhì)的電導(dǎo)率進(jìn)行了改性。
查爾默斯理工大學(xué)在一份聲明中說：“與商業(yè)電池相比，這種電池的能量密度仍然很低，但由于電池在建筑中使用時(shí)體積巨大，這種限制可以被克服?！?/p>
研究人員表示，這種水泥基電池最重要的特點(diǎn)是可充電。這種電池的潛在應(yīng)用可能是在能源儲(chǔ)存、向LED供電或在偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)提供4G連接。
艾瑪·張博士說：“例如，它還可以與太陽能電池板結(jié)合，為高速公路或橋梁的監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)提供電力并成為能源來源，由混凝土 電池操作的傳感器可以檢測(cè)裂縫或腐蝕?！卑敗埐┦吭吐氂诓闋柲估砉ご髮W(xué)建筑與土木工程系，現(xiàn)任瑞典德爾塔大學(xué) 高級(jí)發(fā)展科學(xué)家。
在實(shí)驗(yàn)室規(guī)模開發(fā)的概念仍然需要克服許多挑戰(zhàn)，以成為解決能源轉(zhuǎn)型中的世界能源儲(chǔ)存問題的可行方法，并推動(dòng)智能城市，以節(jié)約能源和減少建筑的溫室氣體排放。
根據(jù)研究人員自己的說法，在可充電水泥基電池的想法進(jìn)入商業(yè)化階段之前，這個(gè)概念中還有許多技術(shù)問題需要解決。
科學(xué)家們表示，如果水泥基電池的概念能夠在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中發(fā)揮作用，那么延長水泥基電池的使用壽命以及開發(fā)回收技術(shù)是需要 解決的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題。
“由于混凝土基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施通?？梢允褂?0年甚至100年，所以電池需要改進(jìn)以匹配這一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，或者在使用壽命結(jié)束時(shí)更容易更換和回收。目前，從技術(shù)角度來看，這是一個(gè)重大挑戰(zhàn)?！北M管如此，研究人員相信，他們的創(chuàng)新概念電池可以為建筑和能源的未 來做出貢獻(xiàn)。
查爾默斯理工大學(xué)建筑與土木工程系教授唐魯平表示：“我們相信，這一概念將為未來的建筑材料提供更多的功能，比如可再生能源。”
如果這所大學(xué)的水泥基電池這一新穎概念能夠超越實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下的概念驗(yàn)證，那么有一天它將不僅能產(chǎn)生節(jié)能而且能產(chǎn)生能源 的建筑物，這將有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)減排目標(biāo)，并為未來的智能城市提供動(dòng)力。
李峻 編譯自 油價(jià)網(wǎng)
原文如下：
Cement-based Batteries Could Solve The Energy Storage Problem
Researchers have developed a concept for a rechargeable battery based on cement—a world-first such concept that they suggest could one day turn buildings into giant energy storage facilities.
The proof of concept at lab scale is an idea in its early stages, and it has challenges to overcome. But one day, the researchers in Sweden say, rechargeable cement-based batteries could result in future building materials which will have additional functions such as energy storage, 4G connections in remote areas, or cathodic protection against corrosion in concrete infrastructure.
Research from the Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, outlined a new concept for rechargeable batteries which are made of cement. The concept, published in the scientific journal Buildings, includes a cement-based mixture with small amounts of short carbon fibers added to increase the conductivity and flexural toughness. The researchers then included metal-coated carbon fiber mesh in the cement-based mixture. In this mesh they picked iron and zinc as anodes, and nickel-based oxides as cathodes. The conductivity of cement-based electrolytes was modified by adding short carbon fibers.
“The energy density is still low in comparison to commercial batteries, but this limitation could be overcome thanks to the huge volume at which the battery could be constructed when used in buildings,” the Chalmers University of Technology said in a statement.
The most important quality of the concept cement-based battery is that it is rechargeable, the researchers say. Potential applications of such batteries could be in energy storage, powering LEDs, or providing 4G connections in remote areas.
“It could also be coupled with solar cell panels for example, to provide electricity and become the energy source for monitoring systems in highways or bridges, where sensors operated by a concrete battery could detect cracking or corrosion,” said Doctor Emma Zhang, formerly of the Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering at the Chalmers University of Technology, and now Senior Development Scientist at Delta of Sweden.
The concept developed at a lab scale still has many challenges to overcome to become a viable approach to solving the world’s energy storage problem in the energy transition and the push for smart cities that could conserve energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from buildings.
According to the researchers themselves, there are many technical issues in the concept that should be solved before the idea of rechargeable cement-based batteries could move to the stage of commercialization.
The extension of the service life of cement-based batteries and the development of techniques for recycling them are the key technical questions that need to be solved if the concept can work in real life, the scientists say.
“Since concrete infrastructure is usually built to last fifty or even a hundred years, the batteries would need to be refined to match this, or to be easier to exchange and recycle when their service life is over. For now, this offers a major challenge from a technical point of view,” Emma Zhang said.
Still, the researchers believe that their innovative concept battery could contribute to the future of construction and energy.
“We are convinced this concept makes for a great contribution to allowing future building materials to have additional functions such as renewable energy sources,” said Luping Tang, Professor at the Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering at the Chalmers University of Technology.
If the university’s novel concept of a cement-based battery could be advanced beyond a proof of concept in lab conditions, it could one day lead to not only energy-efficient but energy-generating buildings that could help emission reduction goals and power the future smart cities.
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