據(jù)能源網(wǎng)2022年6月1日墨西哥城報(bào)道，據(jù)美國(guó)彭博新聞社旗下的研究機(jī)構(gòu)彭博經(jīng)濟(jì)(Bloomberg Economics)估計(jì)，目前墨西哥的汽油和柴油補(bǔ)貼是石油生產(chǎn)商從原油價(jià)格上漲中獲得的額外利潤(rùn)的兩倍多，這表明墨西哥保持廉價(jià)國(guó)內(nèi)燃料需求的負(fù)擔(dān)越來越重。 

根據(jù)彭博經(jīng)濟(jì)的費(fèi)利佩·埃爾南德斯的計(jì)算，由于全球燃料價(jià)格上漲，墨西哥5月份汽油和柴油補(bǔ)貼預(yù)計(jì)總計(jì)約23.9億美元，而墨西哥國(guó)家石油公司（Pemex）同期原油出口收入可能不到補(bǔ)貼的一半，為10.4億美元。

一名來自墨西哥財(cái)政部的發(fā)言人沒有回復(fù)記者的置評(píng)請(qǐng)求。今年3月份，墨西哥財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)曾對(duì)彭博新聞社表示，盡管汽油和柴油價(jià)格上漲，但由于墨西哥也受益于更高的石油收入，墨西哥政府有足夠的空間來減免能源稅。  

墨西哥是一個(gè)主要的原油出口國(guó)，每天向從日本到印度的客戶運(yùn)送大約100萬(wàn)桶原油。墨西哥擁有6家正在運(yùn)營(yíng)的地方煉油廠，另一家煉油廠位于美國(guó)，為全國(guó)煉油系統(tǒng)提供資金，還有一家煉油廠正在建設(shè)中。雖然墨西哥政府的目標(biāo)是最終生產(chǎn)全國(guó)所有的燃料，但這些煉油廠長(zhǎng)期投資不足，而Pemex的國(guó)內(nèi)銷售仍有近一半依賴外國(guó)汽油。

李峻 編譯自 能源網(wǎng)

原文如下：

Mexico Fuel Subsidy Is Now Costing More Than Oil Export Profits

Mexico’s gasoline and diesel subsidies are now costing the government more than double the extra profit the oil producer gets from higher crude prices, according to estimates by Bloomberg Economics, a sign of the growing burden to keep its cheap domestic fuel plea.

Gasoline and diesel subsidies are expected to total about $2.39 billion during May amid a global fuel price rally, while the windfall from the state-owned oil company’s crude exports is likely to be less than half of that, at $1.04 billion, according to calculations by Bloomberg Economics’s Felipe Hernandez. 

A spokesperson from the Finance Ministry didn’t respond to a request for comment. Finance Minister had told Bloomberg News in March that the government has legroom to provide energy tax relief even if the cost of gasoline and diesel rises as Mexico also benefits from higher oil revenue. 

Mexico is a major crude exporter, shipping about one million barrels of oil a day to clients from Japan to India. It boasts six local refineries in operation, another in the US that contributes to the national refining system, and an eighth under construction. While the government’s goal is to eventually produce all of the nation’s fuel, the plants have suffered from chronic underinvestment and Pemex, as the national oil company is known, is still dependent on foreign gasoline for almost half of its domestic sales.